Ubushakashatsi bushya bw'inyanja bwerekana ko amazi ya Antaragitika ashonga gahoro gahoro k'inyanja igira ingaruka ku kirere cy'isi.
Inyanja yisi irashobora kugaragara nkimwe iyo urebye hejuru yubwato cyangwa indege, ariko haribintu byinshi bigenda munsi yubutaka. Inzuzi nini zitwara ubushyuhe buva mu turere dushyuha tugana muri Arctique na Antaragitika, aho amazi akonje hanyuma akongera agatemba yerekeza kuri ekwateri. Abantu batuye ku nkombe y'iburasirazuba bwa Amerika y'Amajyaruguru n'Uburayi bamenyereye Umugezi wa Kigobe. Bitabaye ibyo, aha hantu ntihashobora guturwa, ariko haba hakonje cyane kurenza ubu.
Iyi animasiyo yerekana inzira yumuyoboro wisi. Umwambi w'ubururu werekana inzira y'amazi yimbitse, akonje, yuzuye. Imyambi itukura yerekana inzira y'amazi ashyushye, adafite amazi menshi. Bigereranijwe ko "paki" y'amazi ishobora gufata imyaka 1.000 kugirango irangize urugendo rwayo mu mukandara wa convoyeur. Inkomoko yishusho: NOAA
Imigezi yo mu nyanja, nukuvuga, sisitemu yo gukonjesha imodoka. Niba hari ikintu gihungabanya umuvuduko usanzwe wa coolant, ikintu kibi gishobora kubaho kuri moteri yawe. Ikintu kimwe kibaho kwisi niba imigezi yinyanja ihungabanye. Ntabwo zifasha gusa kugenzura ubushyuhe bwubutaka bwisi, ahubwo zitanga nintungamubiri zingenzi zikenewe mubuzima bwinyanja. Hejuru ni igishushanyo cyatanzwe na NOAA gisobanura uburyo imigezi yinyanja ikora. Hano hepfo ibisobanuro bya NOAA.
. imigezi.
Ati: "Aya mazi maremare agenda yerekeza mu majyepfo, hagati y’umugabane, hakurya ya ekwateri no kugera ku mpera za Afurika na Amerika y'Epfo. Imigezi yo mu nyanja itemba ikikije inkombe za Antaragitika, aho amazi yongeye gukonja akarohama, nko muri Atlantika y'Amajyaruguru. Kandi ni ko bimeze, umukandara wa convoyeur" uregwa. " Tumaze kuzenguruka Antaragitika, ibice bibiri bitandukanije n'umukandara wa convoyeur hanyuma bigana mu majyaruguru igice kimwe cyinjira mu nyanja y'Abahinde, ikindi kikerekeza mu nyanja ya pasifika.
Ati: "Iyo twerekeje mu majyaruguru tugana kuri ekwateri, ibice byombi biratandukana, bigashyuha, kandi ntibigabanuka cyane uko bizamuka hejuru. Bahita basubira mu majyepfo no mu burengerazuba muri Atlantike y'Amajyepfo hanyuma amaherezo bakerekeza muri Atalantika y'Amajyaruguru, aho uruziga rwongeye gutangira.
"Imikandara ya convoyeur igenda gahoro cyane (santimetero nkeya ku isegonda) kuruta umuyaga cyangwa umuyaga mwinshi (santimetero icumi kugeza kuri santimetero ijana ku isegonda). Bigereranijwe ko metero kibe y'amazi izatwara imyaka igera ku 1000 kugirango irangize urugendo rwayo ku isi.
"Umukandara wa convoyeur nawo ni igice cy'ingenzi mu kuzenguruka intungamubiri na dioxyde de carbone mu nyanja y'isi. Amazi ashyushye yo hejuru agabanuka mu ntungamubiri na dioxyde de carbone, ariko arongera arakungahaza igihe anyuze mu mukandara wa convoyeur nk'ibice byimbitse cyangwa insimburangingo. Ishingiro ry'amazi akonje, akungahaye ku ntungamubiri ashyigikira iterambere rya algae."
Ubushakashatsi bushya bwasohotse ku ya 29 Werurwe mu kinyamakuru Nature bugaragaza ko uko Antaragitika ishyuha, amazi ava mu bibarafu bishonga ashobora kugabanya umuvuduko w’inyanja nini ku kigero cya 40 ku ijana mu 2050.Ibizavamo bizaba impinduka nini mu kirere cy’isi kitabaho. Ibi birasobanutse neza, ariko bishobora gutera kwihuta kwamapfa, imyuzure no kuzamuka kwinyanja. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko gutinda kwinyanja bishobora guhindura ikirere cyisi mu binyejana byinshi. Ibi na byo, bishobora kugira ingaruka zitandukanye, zirimo kuzamuka kwinyanja kwihuta, guhindura imiterere yikirere hamwe nubuzima bwinyanja ishonje itabonye isoko yingenzi yintungamubiri.
Porofeseri Matt Ubwongereza, ukomoka muri kaminuza ya New South Wales 'Centre y’ubushakashatsi bw’imihindagurikire y’ibihe akaba n’umwanditsi w’ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Nature, yavuze ko imigezi yose y’inyanja iri mu nzira igana ku gusenyuka. "Mu bihe byashize, byatwaye imyaka irenga 1.000 cyangwa irenga kugira ngo iyi nzinguzingo ihinduke, ariko ubu bifata imyaka mike gusa. Ibi biraba vuba cyane kuruta uko twabitekerezaga, iyi nzinguzingo iragenda gahoro. Turavuga ku kuzimangana igihe kirekire. Ubwinshi bw'amazi y'ikigereranyo." “
Gutinda kw'imigezi yimbitse yo mu nyanja biterwa n'ubwinshi bw'amazi arohama mu nyanja hanyuma agatemba mu majyaruguru. Dr Qian Li, yahoze muri kaminuza ya New South Wales, ubu akaba ari n'Ikigo cy'ikoranabuhanga cya Massachusetts, ni we wanditse ubushakashatsi, bwahujwe n'Ubwongereza. Abanditsi baranditse bati: “Ihungabana ry'ubukungu“ rizahindura cyane inyanja ku bijyanye n'ubushyuhe, amazi meza, ogisijeni, karubone ndetse n'intungamubiri, kandi bigira ingaruka ku nyanja zose z'isi mu binyejana byakurikiyeho. ” Ingaruka imwe irashobora kuba impinduka zifatika mumvura - Ahantu hamwe hagwa imvura nyinshi naho izindi zikaba nke cyane.
Lee yagize ati: "Ntabwo dushaka gushyiraho uburyo bwo kwikenura ubwacu aha hantu." Yongeyeho ko umuvuduko wadindije neza inyanja ndende, ukabura ogisijeni. Iyo ibiremwa byo mu nyanja bipfuye, byongera intungamubiri mumazi yiroha mu nyanja kandi akazenguruka mu nyanja yisi. Izi ntungamubiri zigaruka mugihe cyo kuzamuka kandi zikaba ibiryo bya phytoplankton. Ngiyo ishingiro ryurunigi rwibiryo byo mu nyanja.
Dr Steve Rintoul, umuhanga mu nyanja n’impuguke mu nyanja y’Amajyepfo mu ishyirahamwe ry’ubushakashatsi n’ubumenyi n’inganda muri guverinoma ya Ositarariya, yavuze ko uko umuvuduko w’inyanja ugenda ugabanuka, intungamubiri nke zizasubira mu nyanja yo hejuru, bikagira ingaruka ku musaruro wa phytoplankton. ikinyejana.
Ati: "Iyo umuvuduko ukabije ugenda gahoro, dushobora kongera kuyitangiza duhagarika irekurwa ry’amazi ashonga hafi ya Antaragitika, bivuze ko dukeneye ikirere gikonje hanyuma tukagitegereza ko gisubira. Gukomeza kwangiza imyuka ihumanya ikirere igihe kirekire dutegereje, ni nako twiyemeza kurushaho guhindura byinshi. Dushubije amaso inyuma mu myaka 20 ishize, twatekereje ko inyanja ndende itigeze ihinduka cyane.
Porofeseri Stefan Rahmstorf, umuhanga mu bumenyi bw'inyanja akaba n'umuyobozi ushinzwe isesengura ry’isi ku kigo cya Potsdam gishinzwe ubushakashatsi ku ngaruka z’ikirere, yavuze ko ubushakashatsi bushya bwerekana ko “ikirere gikikije Antaragitika gishobora gucika intege kurushaho mu myaka icumi iri imbere.” Raporo nyamukuru y’umuryango w’abibumbye ifite “amakosa akomeye kandi amaze igihe kirekire” kubera ko atagaragaza uburyo amazi ashonga agira ingaruka ku nyanja ndende. Ati: “Amazi ashonga agabanya umunyu muri utwo turere two mu nyanja, bigatuma amazi ataba make ku buryo adafite uburemere buhagije bwo kurohama no gusohora amazi asanzwe ahari.”
Mugihe impuzandengo yubushyuhe bwisi ikomeje kwiyongera, hariho isano hagati yo gutinda kwinyanja ninyanja nibishobora gukenerwa na geoengineering kugirango ikonje isi. Byombi bizagira ingaruka zitateganijwe zishobora kugira ingaruka mbi mubuzima bwabantu mubice byinshi byisi.
Igisubizo, birumvikana ko ari ukugabanya cyane imyuka ya gaze karuboni n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, ariko abayobozi b’isi batinze gukemura ibyo bibazo kubera ko kubikora byavamo ikibazo cy’abatanga ibicuruzwa biva mu kirere hamwe n’umujinya uturuka ku baguzi bashingiye ku bicanwa by’ibinyabuzima. Ibicanwa bitwika imodoka, bigashyushya amazu kandi bigaha interineti.
Niba Reta zunzubumwe zamerika zashishikajwe no gutuma abaguzi bishyura igihombo cyatewe no gutwika ibicanwa by’ibicanwa, igiciro cy’amashanyarazi kiva mu mashanyarazi y’amakara cyikuba kabiri cyangwa gatatu, kandi igiciro cya lisansi kizarenga amadorari 10 kuri litiro. Niba hari kimwe muri ibyo byavuzwe haruguru, umubare munini wabatoye bazataka kandi batore abakandida basezeranya kugarura iminsi myiza ya kera. Muyandi magambo, birashoboka ko tuzakomeza kugana ahazaza hataramenyekana, kandi abana bacu n'abuzukuru bacu bazagerwaho n'ingaruka zo kunanirwa gukora muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose.
Porofeseri Rahmstorff yavuze ko ikindi kintu giteye impungenge cyo gutinda kw'imigezi yo mu nyanja iterwa no kwiyongera k'amazi ashonga muri Antaragitika ari uko umuvuduko w'amazi maremare yo mu nyanja ushobora no kugira ingaruka ku mubare wa dioxyde de carbone ishobora kubikwa mu nyanja ndende. Turashobora gufasha kugabanya iki kibazo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere na metani, ariko hari ibimenyetso bike byerekana ko ubushake bwa politiki bwo kubikora bubaho.
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