Isuzuma rusange ry’ubucuruzi bwa Durian 2023 ryashyizwe ahagaragara n’umuryango w’ibiribwa n’ubuhinzi ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryerekana ko ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ku isi byiyongereyeho inshuro zirenga 10 mu myaka icumi ishize, biva kuri toni zigera kuri 80000 mu 2003 bigera kuri toni zigera kuri 870000 mu 2022. Ubwiyongere bukabije bw’ibikenerwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa bwatumye ubucuruzi bwa durian bwaguka. Muri rusange, hejuru ya 90% y’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ku isi bitangwa na Tayilande, hamwe na Vietnam na Maleziya buri kimwe kigera kuri 3%, naho Filipine na Indoneziya nabyo byohereza ibicuruzwa bito. Nk’ibicuruzwa byinshi bitumiza durian, Ubushinwa bugura 95% byoherezwa mu mahanga ku isi, naho Singapore igura hafi 3%.
Durian ni igihingwa gifite agaciro kanini kandi ni imwe mu mbuto zera cyane muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo. Isoko ryohereza mu mahanga ryateye imbere mu myaka 20 ishize. Amakuru aheruka kwerekana yerekana ko ubucuruzi bwa durian ku isi bwageze ku gipimo cya toni 930000 mu 2021. Ubwiyongere bw’amafaranga hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’ibiciro by’abaguzi b’ibihugu bitumiza mu mahanga (cyane cyane Ubushinwa), ndetse no kuzamura ikoranabuhanga ry’imbeho no kugabanya igihe cy’ubwikorezi, byose bigira uruhare mu kwagura ubucuruzi. Nubwo nta mibare nyayo y’umusaruro ihari, abahinzi ba durian ni Tayilande, Maleziya, na Indoneziya, hamwe bagera kuri toni miliyoni 3 ku mwaka. Kugeza ubu, Tayilande n’ibihugu byohereza ibicuruzwa byinshi muri durian, bingana na 94% by’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ku isi hagati ya 2020 na 2022.Ubucuruzi busigaye hafi ya bwose butangwa na Vietnam na Maleziya, buri kimwe kigera kuri 3%. Durian ikorerwa muri Indoneziya itangwa cyane cyane ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu.
Nk’ibicuruzwa byinshi bitumiza durian, Ubushinwa bwaguze impuzandengo ya toni zigera ku 740000 za durian buri mwaka kuva 2020 kugeza 2022, bihwanye na 95% by’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe ku isi hose. Umubare munini wa duriyani watumijwe mu Bushinwa ukomoka muri Tayilande, ariko mu myaka yashize, ibicuruzwa biva muri Vietnam nabyo byiyongereye.
Mu rwego rwo gukemura ibibazo byiyongera cyane, igiciro cyo hagati yubucuruzi cya durian cyiyongereye gahoro gahoro mumyaka icumi ishize. Ku rwego rwo gutumiza mu mahanga kuva 2021 kugeza 2022, igiciro cyo kugereranya buri mwaka cyageze ku madolari 5000 kuri toni, inshuro nyinshi igiciro cyo kugereranya ibitoki n'imbuto zikomeye zo mu turere dushyuha. Durian ifatwa nk'ibyokurya bidasanzwe mu Bushinwa kandi irimo kwitabwaho n'abaguzi. Mu Kuboza 2021, gufungura gari ya moshi yihuta yo mu Bushinwa Laos byateje imbere iterambere ry’Ubushinwa butumiza durian muri Tayilande. Bifata iminsi / ibyumweru byinshi byo gutwara ibicuruzwa mumamodoka cyangwa ubwato. Nkumuhuza woguhuza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa muri Tayilande nu Bushinwa, Gari ya moshi y'Ubushinwa ikenera amasaha arenga 20 yo gutwara ibicuruzwa muri gari ya moshi. Ibi bifasha durian nibindi bicuruzwa bishya byubuhinzi biva muri Tayilande kujyanwa ku isoko ryUbushinwa mugihe gito, bityo bikazamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa. Raporo y’inganda ziheruka hamwe n’amakuru abanza ku bicuruzwa byinjira buri kwezi byerekana ko Ubushinwa butumizwa mu mahanga bwiyongereyeho 60% mu mezi umunani ya mbere ya 2023.
Ku isoko mpuzamahanga, durian iracyafatwa nkigitabo cyangwa ibicuruzwa byiza. Kwangirika kwinshi kwa durian bituma bigora gutwara ibicuruzwa bishya kumasoko ya kure, bivuze ko ibisabwa bitumizwa mu mahanga bijyanye n’ibipimo by’akato k’ibihingwa ndetse n’umutekano w’ibicuruzwa akenshi bidashobora kubahirizwa. Kubwibyo, ibyinshi muri durian bigurishwa kwisi yose biratunganywa bikapakirwa muri durian yakonje, durian yumye, jam, hamwe ninyongera zimirire. Abaguzi ntibazi durian, kandi igiciro cyayo kinini cyabaye imbogamizi kuri durian kugirango irusheho kwaguka ku isoko mpuzamahanga ryagutse. Muri rusange, ugereranije nubunini bwoherezwa mu zindi mbuto zo mu turere dushyuha, cyane cyane ibitoki, inanasi, imyembe, na avoka, akamaro kacyo ni gake.
Nyamara, ukurikije igiciro cyo hejuru cyoherezwa mu mahanga cya durian, cyageze ku kigereranyo cy’ubucuruzi ku isi kingana na miliyari 3 z'amadolari ku mwaka hagati ya 2020 na 2022, imbere cyane y'imyembe ninanasi. Byongeye kandi, kohereza durian nshya muri Tayilande muri Amerika byikubye inshuro zirenga ebyiri mu myaka icumi ishize, bigera ku kigereranyo cya toni zigera ku 3000 ku mwaka hagati ya 2020 na 2022, impuzandengo ya buri mwaka itumizwa mu mahanga igera kuri miliyoni 10 z'amadolari y'Amerika, ibyo bikaba byerekana kandi ko durian igenda ikundwa cyane hanze ya Aziya. Muri rusange, impuzandengo yoherezwa mu mahanga buri mwaka ya durian ivuye muri Tayilande hagati ya 2021 na 2022 yari miliyari 3.3 z'amadolari y'Amerika, ikaba iya gatatu mu bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu buhinzi muri Tayilande, nyuma ya reberi n'umuceri. Impuzandengo ya buri mwaka yohereza ibicuruzwa muri ibyo bicuruzwa hagati ya 2021 na 2022 yari miliyari 3.9 z'amadolari ya Amerika na miliyari 3.7 z'amadolari y'Amerika.
Iyi mibare yerekana ko niba durians yangirika cyane ishobora gucungwa neza mubijyanye nubwishingizi bufite ireme, gutunganya umusaruro wanyuma, no gutwara abantu, hibandwa ku gukoresha neza ibiciro, ubucuruzi bwa durian bushobora kuzana amahirwe menshi yubucuruzi kubohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, harimo n’ibihugu byinjiza amafaranga make. Mu masoko yinjiza menshi nk’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi na Amerika, ubushobozi bw’isoko ahanini buterwa no korohereza abaguzi kugura izo mbuto no gushimangira imyumvire y’abaguzi.